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''Malassezia'' (formerly known as ''Pityrosporum'') is a genus of fungi. ''Malassezia'' is naturally found on the skin surfaces of many animals, including humans. In occasional opportunistic infections, some species can cause hypopigmentation or hyperpigmentation on the trunk and other locations in humans. Allergy tests for this fungus are available. ==Nomenclature== Due to progressive changes in their nomenclature, some confusion exists about the naming and classification of ''Malassezia'' yeast species. Work on these yeasts has been complicated because they are extremely difficult to propagate in laboratory culture. ''Malassezia'' were originally identified by the French scientist Louis-Charles Malassez in the late 19th century. Raymond Sabouraud identified a dandruff-causing organism in 1904 and called it "Pityrosporum malassez", honoring Malassez, but at the species level as opposed to the genus level. When it was determined that the organisms were the same, the term "Malassezia" was judged to possess priority. In the mid-20th century, it was reclassified into two species: * ''Pityrosporum (Malassezia) ovale'', which is lipid-dependent and found only on humans. ''P. ovale'' was later divided into two species, ''P. ovale'' and ''P. orbiculare'', but current sources consider these terms to refer to a single species of fungus, with ''M. furfur'' the preferred name. * ''Pityrosporum (Malassezia) pachydermatis'', which is lipophilic but not lipid-dependent, is found on the skin of most animals. In the mid-1990s, scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris, France, discovered additional species. Currently there are 10 recognized species: * ''M. dermatis'' Sugita et al. 2002 * ''M. furfur'' * ''M. globosa'' *''M. japonica'' Sugita et al. 2002 * ''M. nana'' * ''M. obtusa'' * ''M. pachydermatis'' * ''M. restricta''〔 〕 * ''M. slooffiae'' * ''M. sympodialis'' * ''M. yamatoensis''〔 〕 Thomas Frieden once said his favorite disease was Malassezia furfur because "it's a rash that doesn't cause any harm; it sounds great." 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Malassezia」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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